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在生活中遇见残障人士时，你是否很想与他们交谈，却感到紧张或尴尬，万一自己说错话了该怎么办？让我来帮助你吧。先做个自我介绍，我叫史妮，是一位全盲的伙伴。我和我的残障人朋友们都曾遇到过这种状况——人们想跟我们说话，却害怕自己言语不当。别担心，让我来帮助你们！

Have you ever wanted to talk to a person with a disability at a social event or in the workplace, but feel nervous and awkward because you're worried you will say the wrong thing? I'm here to help. Why am I willing to help you? Well my name is Sinead. And I was born with a disability, namely blindness. I've encountered this scenario a few times where people don't come to talk to me or my friends who also have disabilities because people fear they will say the wrong thing to us. I'm here to help. So let's get started.

第一：不要怕跟我聊天，我们也是人。如果你确实觉得尴尬，说出来也不要紧。假装不尴尬，只会更糟糕。当然，也不用为了证明你和我们相处不尴尬而硬着头皮去和所有残障人士交流。

Tip 1: Don't be afraid to talk to us. We're just people. When talking, if you feel truly awkward, don't be afraid to admit it. Pretending things aren't awkward only makes it worse. Also don't feel you have to talk to every person with a disability just to prove you're not awkward around us.

第二：你和其他人怎么说话，就请以同样的方式对待我们。用正常的语气聊天就好，别把成年的残障人士当孩子看待。直接走到残障人面前，开启一段正常的谈话即可。在一开始，可以试着聊一些你们的共同爱好，并通过提问来深入讨论这些爱好。可能是体育、电影，也可能是喜欢的书籍等等。请记住，残障只是人的特征之一，就像其他人一样，残障人也对体育、电影、书籍等等事物感兴趣。

Tip 2: Speak to a person with a disability as you would speak to anyone else. Speak in an age-appropriate tone and treat adults as adults. Go up to the person and make general conversation. Within the first few moments, try and find a common interest and focus on talking about that interest by asking questions. A common interest might be sport, books, movies, etc. Remember, disability is only one part of the person, and so like everyone else , people with disabilities have interests in sport, music, TV, etc .

第三：尊重对方，最简单的方法是关注具体的人，而不是他身上的残障。

Tip 3: show respect. The easiest way to show respect is to focus on the person, not the disability.

第四：你可以与对方聊聊他们的残障情况，并承认你们之间的差异，但不要就聊这一个话题。请记住这一点，如果残障人出门是去享受生活的，那么他们就不该变成专门为你服务的答疑中心如果你有一大堆关于残障的问题，想了解更多相关信息，可以自行上网查询。

Tip4: During the conversation, you can ask the person about their disability and acknowledge their difference, but don't make all the conversation about the disability. Remember, if asking questions, people with disabilities are not there to be information desks to serve you when they are out trying to enjoy themselves. If you want to know detailed information about disability, then go on research and educate yourself by looking up information online.

第五：直接和残障人本人交流就好啦，不用专门找他们的同伴或手语翻译说话。你应该也喜欢和别人直接沟通，那也请这样对残障人吧。

Tip 5:Speak directly to a person with a disability, not to their companion or sign language interpreter. Treat people with disabilities as you would want to be treated.

第六：当你和视障朋友聊天时，记得先介绍自己，例如：嗨，史妮，我是艾玛。这样，我就可以知道是谁在和我说话了，否则我可能认不出你。出于某些原因，人们可能会大声和视障人说话，我已经好几次注意到这一点了。其实，无需大声说话，也不用放慢速度，除非我告诉你我的听力也不太好。还有，视障人士无法运用非视障人士所常用的视觉信号。因此，点头或者做手势对我们来说是无效。如果见到正在工作的导盲犬，请不要拍打它、喂它或分散它的注意力。当导盲犬戴上导盲鞍，它就是主人的出行助手。当你进出房间的时候，记得和视障人士打声招呼，这样就可以避免我们对着空气说话的尴尬了。如果你想给视障人士带路，就要先询问对方是否愿意牵着你的手臂。如果对方需要帮助，他们很可能会抓住你的手肘，如果你不确定该怎么做，那就直接问他吧。

Tip 6: When you meet people who have a vision impairment, always introduce yourself. Example: Hi Sinead, it's Emma here. This lets me know who is speaking to me because I may not recognize you. Also, for some reason, people tend to talk loudly to people who are blind. I've noticed this a lot, please don't talk loudly and slowly, unless we tell you we have hearing problems. Also remember that people with visual impairment can't rely on the same visual cues as people without a visual impairment. And so nodding or pointing at something isn't going to be effective for people who are visually impaired. If a person is accompanied by a guide dog, don't pat it, feed it or distract it. While it's in a harness, a dog and a harness is working to support its owner. When you enter or leave a room, say something to make sure that the person who has a vision impairment won't be embarrassed by speaking to an empty space. If you would like to guide a blind person, then ask him or her would they like to take your arm. If the person says yes, they will most likely catch your elbow. If you're not sure what to do, then just ask.

第七：与轮椅使用者交谈时，最好找个地方坐着，以便与对方的视线持平。

Tip 7: When speaking with a person who uses a wheelchair, try to find something to sit on, to be at eye level with them.

第八：和言语障碍者交谈时要用心倾听，耐心等对方把话说完，不要急于纠正或替对方说话。如有必要，可多问一些简短的或封闭式问题，这样对方只需要简短回答，或者点头、摇头即可。如果你难以理解对方说的话，千万不要不懂装懂，而应该复述一遍你所理解的内容，并让对方做出回应。

Tip 8:Listen attentively when you are talking with a person who has difficulty speaking. Be patient and wait for the person to finish rather than correcting or speaking for the person. If necessary, ask short or close-ended questions that require short answers, a nod or a shake of the head. Never pretend to understand if you are having difficulty doing so. Instead, repeat what you have understood and allow the person to respond.

第九：不要因为一次交流受挫，就拒绝和其他残障人士沟通。就像你不会因为一次和非残障人交流不畅的经历，就再也不跟所有非残障人交流了。

Tip9：If you have a bad experience talking to one person with a disability, don't let it put you off talking to others. You wouldn't stop talking to all able-bodied people just because you once had an awkward conversation with one.

第十：只有多花时间和残障人士相处，你才能知晓他们喜欢被怎样对待。你和他们相处得越久，你就越能发现他们所擅长的领域、他们的人生梦想和已有成就。需要不断强调的是，请把"人"放在第一位。因此最好使用"残障人士"一词，而不是"残疾人"。记得先询问对方是否需要帮助，而不是想当然地做一些事。残障人士的轮椅、代步车、拐杖等出行工具，是他们个人空间的一部分，就算有人把这些工具放在一边，也不要未经许可就触碰或移动它们。靠在别人的轮椅上，就像随意靠在他们的肩膀上那样不礼貌。尽量避免使用"残疾"和"残废"之类的负面词语。

Tip10: You'll never be able to find out how people who have disabilities would like to be treated unless you start to spend time with them. The more often you engage with individuals with disabilities, the more you see what they are capable of and hear about their dreams for life and their accomplishments so far. Some more important points. Always put the person first. So it's best to refer to people as people with disabilities rather than disabled people. Always ask first if the person wants help, rather than just assuming. A person's mobility equipment, such as a wheelchair, scooter, or cane, is part of his or her personal space. Do not touch or move it without permission, even if someone puts it down or chooses to leave it somewhere. Leaning on someone's wheelchair is like leaning on his or her shoulder. Try to avoid negative phrases such as handicapped and crippled.

所以，深呼吸，放轻松，请记住：残障人士不咬人。感谢您的收听。

So take a deep breath, relax, and remember people with disabilities don't bite. Thanks for listening to my video.

本视频来源于互联网，版权归原作者所有，仅供学习，禁止用于任何商业盈利行为，否则一切后果由该组织或个人承担，历程社字幕组不承担任何法律及连带责任。

历程社字幕组

翻译： 刁铛铛、熊颖、Florence Mai

制作支持： 韩婧莹