【自省】了解自闭症,从打破自闭开始!

来源:残障历程   作者:残障历程   2022.04.12 16:13  浏览522
摘要:你可能认识一些自闭症人士,但这不代表你完全了解自闭症。自闭症不是一种疾病,而是神经系统发育差异,每个自闭症人士的表现都不同,因此自闭症是一个谱系的概念,程度有高低之分。每个自闭症人士都有自己的特性,这意味着他们对所处环境作出的反应截然不同。

我有一个朋友,有自闭症,他很怕强烈的光线,在嘈杂的环境中也会很烦躁,在与人沟通时也会做出一些与众不同的举动......

很长一段时间里,我觉得这没什么大不了的,很多难题努力一下就能克服了,毕竟我有时也有不想和人沟通的时候,大多数人也不喜欢噪音和强光吧!没准,大多数人都多少有些自闭呢!

直到那一天,我看到一个视频,了解到自闭症是一种神经发育差异,会影响一个人感知世界的方式。我的想法慢慢开始改变。


点击播放按钮可观看视频,视频时长3分08秒








3分钟,打破自闭,了解自闭症


The human brain is an amazing thing. It processes an incredible 400 billion bits of information a second, interpreting the world around us. So we can see, hear, taste, touch, and smell. Most of us have what's called a neurotypical brain. This means we process information the same way most people do.

人类的大脑非常奇妙,它每秒可处理4000亿比特的信息,让我们能够理解周围的世界。因此,我们拥有视觉、听觉、味觉、触觉和嗅觉。多数人是所谓的神经典型发育人士,也就是说,他们处理信息的方式和大部分人一样。

But a small percentage of the world's population processes information in a different way. They have an autistic brain which affects how they perceive the world and communicate with others. Maybe you know somebody with autism. That doesn't mean you know everything about autism. Autism isn't an illness or disease. It's a collection of related neurological conditions which manifest differently for each person. This is why it's called a spectrum. Every person with autism has their own unique characteristics and behaviors, which means they may react to their environment in a totally different way to someone else with autism. One autistic person might not be able to speak, but can solve complex maths equations. Another might paint beautiful pictures, but struggle to cope with bright lights and loud noises.

但有一小部分人,处理信息的方式会有所不同。他们有自闭症,这会影响他们感知世界和与人沟通的方式。你可能认识一些自闭症人士,但这不代表你完全了解自闭症。自闭症不是一种疾病,而是神经系统发育差异,每个自闭症人士的表现都不同,因此自闭症是一个谱系的概念,程度有高低之分。每个自闭症人士都有自己的特性,这意味着他们对所处环境作出的反应截然不同。有的自闭症人士不会说话,但可以解出复杂的方程式,还有的自闭症人士可以画出美丽的图画,但难以忍受明亮的灯光和嘈杂的环境。

The autism spectrum affects people across seven different areas, including social skills, which affects their ability to interact with people and the world around them. Language skills, which impacts on their ability to understand what others say to them, read body language and facial expressions or make eye contact. Information processing, which makes adapting to new environments or routines a challenge. Sensory processing, which makes them over or under sensitive to their surroundings. Behavioral and emotional skills, making emotional regulation difficult.

自闭症对一个人的影响涵盖7个方面,其中包括:社交技能,也就是人际交流和适应周围环境的能力;语言能力,较难理解别人说的话、肢体语言、面部表情,缺乏眼神交流;信息处理:较难适应新环境和新的生活日常;感觉处理,存在感觉过敏或感觉迟钝的现象;行为和情绪调整,表达和调节情绪的方式与大多数人有差异。

Sometimes people say we're all a little autistic, but this isn't true. Autism affects people their whole lives and can make it hard to deal with the world. An autistic person has to come up with coping mechanisms, and neurotypical person doesn't have to worry about. Autistic people who can talk and have reasonable physical coordination are often described as high functioning. Yet they often have problems with getting jobs, making friends, having romantic relationships, or organizing their lives.

有时人们会说:我们都有点自闭,这其实是不准确的。自闭症是一种伴随终生的状况,让人难以应对外部环境。自闭症人士需要努力寻找解决办法,而神经典型发育人士则不需担心这些问题。有的人被认为是高功能自闭症人士,他们会交谈,身体协调能力也不错。然而,高功能自闭症人士也常常会在找工作、交朋友、谈恋爱或制定生活计划时遇到难题。

If you meet someone with autism, instead of trying to change them, try asking about their lives and what autism has meant to them. You never know. You might learn something really cool.

当你遇见自闭症人士,请不要试图去改变他们,不妨了解一下他们的生活故事,问问他们的切身体会。没准,你会发现有些很酷的事情呢!


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致谢


历程字幕组


翻译:Florence Mai、李生平

配音:袁艺

制作支持:韩婧莹

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