【科普】关于手语这种语言，你必须了解的几个事实！(残障历程)

【科普】关于手语这种语言，你必须了解的几个事实！

来源：残障历程作者：残障历程 2022.01.22 19:43 浏览544次

科普

摘要：手语和口语有许多相似之处，两者都是被语言学家认可的"自然语言"，只不过口语主要靠声音来表达。尽管手语和口语在使用方式上存在显著差异，但它们都是一种语言，具有独一无二的语言特色。

提起手语，你的脑海里是否会有很多问号？

手语是什么、它和肢体语言有着怎样的区别？手语的使用人群又有哪些?全世界的手语都一样吗......

别困惑，下面给我两分钟时间，带你了解关于手语的几个事实。

点击播放按钮可观看视频，视频时长1分57秒。

关于手语你必须了解的几个事实

sign language is a language which chiefly uses manual communication to convey meaning, as opposed to acoustically conveyed sound patterns. This can involve simultaneously combining hand shapes, orientation, and movement of the hands, arms, or body and facial expressions to express a speaker's thoughts.

手语是一种不使用语音而使用手势、肢体动作、面部表情等表达意思的语言。

Sign languages share many similarities with spoken languages, sometimes called oral languages, which depend primarily on sound, which is why linguists consider both to be natural languages. Although there are also some significant differences between signed and spoken languages, such as how they use space dramatically, sign languages show the same linguistic properties and use the same language faculty as do spoken languages.

手语和口语有许多相似之处，两者都是被语言学家认可的"自然语言"，只不过口语主要靠声音来表达。尽管手语和口语在使用方式上存在显著差异，但它们都是一种语言，具有独一无二的语言特色。

They should not be confused with body language, which is a kind of non-linguistic communication.

手语不应该与作为一种非语言沟通方式的肢体语言混为一谈。

Wherever communities of deaf people exist, sign languages have developed and are at the cause of local deaf cultures. Although signing is used primarily by the deaf, it is also used by others, such as people who can hear but cannot physically speak.

在聋人社群里，手语不断发展，为聋人文化奠定了基础，手语的使用人群除了聋人以外，还有其他情况各异的人，例如能听到声音却不能说话的人。

It is not clear how many sign languages there are. A common misconception is that all sign languages are the same worldwide or that sign languages international，Aeach country generally has its own native sign language, and some have more than one. Although there are also substantial similarities among all sign languages.

有人认为：全世界的手语都是一样的（手语是国际通用的），这是一种常见的误区。事实上，尽管手语之间，有许多相似之处，每个国家都有自己的本土手语，有的国家的手语甚至不止一种，谁也不清楚目前的手语共有多少种。

Some sign languages have obtained some form of legal recognition, while others have no status at all.

一些手语在某种形式上被法律承认了，然而更多的手语不为人所知。

Linguists distinguish natural sign languages from other systems that are precursors to them or derived from them, such as invented manual codes for spoken languages, home sign, baby sign, and signs learned by non human primates.

语言学家将"自然手语"和其他语言区分开来，而事实上，许多"其他语言"都是由"自然手语"衍生出来的，例如口头语、家庭手语、婴儿手语、从非人灵长类动物那里学到的语言等等。